Developmental Alterations and Osmoregulatory Physiology of a Larval Anuran under Osmotic Stress

Developmental alterations and osmoregulatory physiology of a larval anuran under osmotic stress.

Water salinity represents an environmental stress for many species. Amphibians are particularly sensitive because they are generally poor osmoregulators, and most species are completely absent from brackish and saline environments. We experimentally examined the effect of different salinity levels on larvae of the toad Bufo calamita L., a species that occupies freshwater ponds but can also bree...

Anaerobic Growth in under Osmotic Stress during Aerobic and Time-Dependent Proteome Alterations

Time-dependent proteome alterations under osmotic stress during aerobic and anaerobic growth in Escherichia coli.

Escherichia coli lives in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract anaerobically at high osmolarity as well as in the soil aerobically at varying osmolarities. Adaptation to these varying environmental conditions is crucial for growth and survival of E. coli. Two-dimensional protein gels were used to visualize global time-dependent changes (10 to 60 min) in the proteome of cells responding to osmot...

Mathematical Modeling of Cell Volume Alterations under Different Osmotic Conditions

Abstract—Cell volume, together with membrane potential and intracellular hydrogen ion concentration, is an essential biophysical parameter for normal cellular activity. Cell volumes can be altered by osmotically active compounds and extracellular tonicity. In this study, a simple mathematical model of osmotically induced cell swelling and shrinking is presented. Emphasis is given to water diffu...

Physiology, environmental change, and anuran conservation

Physiology, environmental change, and anuran conservation. This paper reviews diverse ways in which the emerging discipline of conservation physiology may contribute to the conservation of anuran amphibians. We first present a summary of the goals of conservation physiology. Then, we review five specific sources of environmental change that are known to affect anurans: introduced pathogens (hig...